Introduction

‘Ground water’ requires some extraction processes, some ‘frozen water’ from mountain tops melts during the summer and flows through the rivers and ‘ocean water’, and though to make it readily available requires an expensive treatment process. Climate change will have significant impacts on the water sector through the natural water cycle, water availability, water demand, and water allocation at the global, regional, and local levels. Among the five mentioned water resources, only ‘surface water’ and ‘spring water’ are readily available. ‘Ground water’ requires some extraction processes, some ‘frozen water’ from mountain tops melts during the summer and flows through the rivers and ‘ocean water’, though to make it readily available requires an expensive treatment process (desalination). Temperature has direct influence on building thermal comfort and indirect influence on different water engineering activities such as water demand and water loss calculations in the irrigation sector, which requires the consideration of evaporation and depends on temperature.