ABSTRACT
Binary images generally contain several flaws. The binary regions which are created by simple thresholding can contain noise. Morphological image processing is used to remove these imperfections of the image. Morphological techniques use a small shape or template called a structuring element. Some examples of morphological operations are erosion, which is used to shrink binary images and darken grayscale images and dilation, which is used to fill up gaps in binary images and lighten grayscale images. By using erosion small details of the image can be removed, and thus the size of the region of interest can be reduced. The opening is used to open up gaps between connected regions within the image. A closing operation is used to connect or fill holes in the image regions while maintaining the initial region sizes. The thinning operation is to some extent like opening or erosion, which is used to eliminate selected foreground pixels from binary images.
