ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the author assumes applications in highly aggressive chemical service and ignores the corrosion barrier. The preservation of the corrosion barrier complicates the design equations, forcing the choice of the laminate construction by trial and error. The equilibrium strain components are generally negative since operating temperature is usually less than peak temperature. The maximum equilibrium strains of the ignored isotropic corrosion barrier are equal to those of the laminate in the global system. To compute the residual thermal strain components on the corrosion barrier, engineers subtract the free ply contractions from the global equilibrium strain components. The ± 70 ground pipes usually operate fully anchored to eliminate the axial component of the pressure force. Regardless of inclusion or exclusion, destruction or preservation, the corrosion barrier remains as the critical ply governing the laminate design in the transportation or storage of liquids.
