ABSTRACT
This chapter begins with details on the relevant probability distributions, including the binomial, hypergeometric, normal, and chi-square distributions. The needed R functions along with computational examples follow quantitative background information on each distribution. Following this are details on performing tests on, or obtaining estimates of proportions associated with one- and two-sample problems. Each topic of testing proportions is approached from an exact point of view, and from the normal approximation point of view. Additionally, Fisher's test is carefully discussed and examples of its application to three different scenarios are given. Code for a graphical demonstration that supports the use of normal distributions in approximating binomial distributions is given in the last section where, also, the merits of one- versus two-sided hypothesis tests are discussed.
