ABSTRACT
This chapter analyses the new relationship between science and society. It considers the relationship between science and society after properly defining the border between science and transscience, a “consensus conference” with citizens and scientists should appear completely different from the opposing view of “civilian control of science and technology.” Innovation is a creative act that is produced by the collaboration of science and society. The deterioration in innovation capabilities of corporate organizations leads to not only reduced profit or decreased competitiveness, but also undermines the ability of organizations to manage a crisis, which in turn can also cause irreparable damage to society. In both the JR accident and the nuclear accident, prosecutors and judges conducted investigations and proceedings on the premise that management has no scientific thinking capability. All technologies inevitably have “physics limits.” To overcome the “technology management error,” the humanities and social science must acquire science and technology literacy while science must absorb social science literacy.
