ABSTRACT
Celsus describes the surgery of injuries, fractures and dislocations, diseases of the nose, ear and eye, of hernia, bladder stone and varicose veins. Roman surgery was strongly influenced by Greece. Upper class Romans considered medicine, in general, and surgery, in particular, as being beneath the notice of a cultured individual, and most practitioners were imported from Greece. After the death of Alexander Gordon, one of his generals, Ptolemy, declared himself Pharaoh, took up residence in Alexandria and there founded a great medical school and library at about 300 bc; into these institutions were imported scientists, mainly from Greece. Malaria was very common and often fatal in Ancient Greece. Before leaving Ancient Rome, mention must be made of the highly efficient and well-planned hospitals that were established throughout the Empire to deal with wounded and sick soldiers. According to tradition, Rome was founded in 753 bc by Romulus and Remus.
