Lucy may possibly be the most famously known bipedal ape ever. She was big news when she was discovered, and she is still one of the most important discoveries in paleoanthropology due to the extraordinary number of bones recovered in her skeleton and her great antiquity. Lucy represents an extinct species known as Australopithecus afarensis. This species is well-documented because several other members have been discovered and examined in addition to Lucy. This chapter tells us more about them.