ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an interdisciplinary understanding of the basics of earth science and proposal of solutions. The earth’s differentiation into a plurality of substance spheres is stable while exerting an interaction, and the science that deals with this is called “earth system studies.” The internal heat of the earth causes convection of the outer nucleus, and a magnetic field is generated from the dynamo motion. Ocean current is a generic term for the horizontal flow of ocean water that occurs on a global scale. Tidal currents are similar phenomena, but they change with the passage of time and have short periodicity. Biogeochemical cycle refers to the circulation route of elements and molecules circulating ecological organisms and inanimate objects in ecology and earth science. The carbon cycle is the biochemical circulation of carbon between the biosphere, rock zone, aquatic zone, and the atmosphere on the earth, and these are carbon reservoirs.
