ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an interdisciplinary understanding of fundamentals of ecology and proposal of solutions. It also provides an interdisciplinary understanding of fundamentals of ecology and proposal of solutions. Characteristics of biodiversity of each biological group system, in particular the diversity of fauna and the form of non-dominant plants, depend on abiotic factors and biomass productivity of the dominant vegetation. Diversity of species tends to increase at higher basic productivity, humidity, and temperature. “Ecological pyramid” is a term related to biomass at each stage in the food chain and trophic stage. In general, the higher the level, the smaller the amount. It has its name because it looks like a pyramid if a person displays it in a stacked expression. Plants carry out photosynthesis using energy of the sun, water, and carbon dioxide to make starch and sugar. In addition, they combine nitrogen and various minerals to produce proteins and fats.
