ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the available correlations for laminar and turbulent flows of a single-phase Newtonian fluid through circular and noncircular ducts with and without the effect of property variations. Laminar and turbulent forced convection correlations for single-phase fluids represent an important class of heat transfer solutions for heat exchanger applications. The analysis of the temperature distribution in the flow and, hence, of the heat transfer between the fluid and the duct wall, for such situations is more complex because the velocity distribution varies in the axial direction as well as normal to the axial direction. The first reasonably complete solution for laminar heat transfer of a gas flowing in a tube with temperature-dependent properties was developed by Worsoe-Schmidt. Extensive experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to obtain the solutions for turbulent forced convection heat transfer and flow friction problems in ducts because of their frequent occurrence and application in heat transfer engineering.
