ABSTRACT
Composting is fundamentally a sensation of microbial activity prompting and mainly affected by the thermophilic temperature developed during the process due to microbial degradation and change in different microbial communities. A very few studies are available on the application of the inoculants of microorganisms mainly fungi to immobilize metals during the composting of different solid wastes which is contaminated with metal. Furthermore, the microorganisms are involved in metal adsorption and detoxification of metal-contaminating wastewater. Fungi could be predictable to immobilize metals in the composting process of solid wastes. Microorganisms have the potential to cope with toxic Pb during their growth in the Pb-contaminated substrates and the exposure of microorganisms to metal-contaminated wastes constantly hinders microbial growth and activity. The use of microbial biomass is one of the most cost-effective methods for the immobilization of heavy metals.
