ABSTRACT
Climate change is a long-term shift in weather conditions identified as changes in temperature, precipitation, moisture in winds, wind pressure and other atmospheric indicators. Climate change occurs due to both changes in average conditions and changes in variability, including extreme events. The earth’s climate is naturally variable on a geological timescale. However, its long-term state and average temperature are regulated by the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing earth’s radiation, which determines the earth’s energy balance or heat budget. Any factor that causes a sustained change to the amount of incoming energy to the earth or the amount of outgoing energy from the earth can lead to climate change. As these factors are external to the climate system, they are referred to as ‘climate forcers,’ invoking the idea that they force or push the climate towards a new long-term state – either warmer or cooler depending on the direction of change. The causes of climate change can be divided into two categories – those that occur due to natural causes and those that are created by humans. What the world is more worried about is that the changes that are occurring today have been speeded up because of different human activities.
