ABSTRACT
An image sensing optical receiver, such as complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, in general, is comprised of photodiode, analog, and mixed-signal circuits to amplify small photocurrents into digital signals. The CMOS image sensors are now the technology of choice for most imaging applications, such as digital video cameras, scanners, and numerous others. Generally, four types of processes are used, standard CMOS, analog-mixed-signal CMOS, digital CMOS, and CMOS image sensor processes. The latter is the process developed specifically for the CMOS image sensor. There are many foundries available for the development of a CMOS image sensor. The image systems’ evaluation tools are available to conduct the optics simulation as well as system simulation. The data converter function is to convert an analog signal into a digital signal. This will improve signal robustness and provide for further processing.
