ABSTRACT
However, in many electrical applications there can be significant changes in voltage and current and the reader need to be able to take these changes into account in our circuit analysis. Change, or more specifically rate of change is important in many electrical and electronic applications and so it's important to explain. The rate of growth of voltage with time and decay of current with time will be dependent upon the product of capacitance and resistance. The capacitor voltage will rise to approximately 63% of the supply voltage in a time interval equal to the time constant. In theory, the capacitor will never quite become fully charged. The inductor current will rise to approximately 63% of the maximum current in a time interval equal to the time constant. In electric circuits transients occur whenever there is a change of state. Even though they may last only a short time, they can involve significant changes in voltage and current.
