ABSTRACT
Machine vision systems do not analyze a scene or object directly. Instead, images of the object or scene are captured, and these images are processed. This chapter covers the various machine vision components that are used for image capture and explains how they can be integrated to provide a working solution. The major components of a machine vision system include light sources, lenses, image sensors, image processing software, and communication interfaces. Light sources are used to illuminate the objects/scenes. Illumination techniques like back lighting, front lighting, diffused lighting, etc.,; and different types of light sources have beenare discussed. Digital cameras are used for image capture and the different types of sensors that convert light to digital images, such as, CMOS, CCD, and TDI, have beenare described. Cameras of different types, such as Aarea Sscan, Lline Sscan, and Ssmart camerashave been are explained,. as are Llens mountsed in the camera that provide the right magnification, working distance, and image resolution. Lens parameters, such as, focal length, field- of- view, aperture, working distance, and different types of lens that include standard, zoom, telecentric, and wide-angle lens have beenare described. Software is needed to process the image and the importance of choosing the right software is discussed. The reader is introduced to automation, and the components generally used to build an automation solution.
