ABSTRACT
The progression from macro- to nanosensors has been a very long and interesting evolution. The nanomaterials, notably metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots, together with enabling nanotechnologies, duly supported by microtechnologies have been exploited to realize nanosensors. Chemical nanosensors are employed to measure parameters such as the concentration of a given gas, the presence of a specific type of molecule, or the molecular composition of a substance. In this background, there are three important disciplines in reference to nanosensors: nanosensor science, nanosensor engineering, and nanosensor technology. The discipline deals with the application of these laws by nanosensor engineers to construct nanosensors according to the desired application. Based on this combination mode, they fabricated a single-particle chemical nanosensor. Batteryless nanosensors integrate nanogenerators with sensors and operate by harvesting energy from the environment, thereby avoiding the corrosive chemicals used in batteries.
