ABSTRACT
A genotoxic agent is a drug or a chemical which is responsible to cause aberrations or mutations in the DNA structure and which may lead to cancer. They act by altering the chromosomal structures, forming rings, breaks, joins, etc. To assay for the genotoxic molecules, the DNA damage in the cells is rendered to the noxious substrates. The damage caused to the DNA outlines as single and double-strand breaks, the trouncing of excision repair, cross-linking, alkali-labile sites, point mutations and structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations. The conciliation veracity of the genetic material has been recognised as grounds for cancer.
Of significance, many techniques, such as Ames assay, in-vitro and in-vivo toxicology tests and Comet assay, are the main methods to weigh the chemicals prospective to cause DNA damage which may lead to cancer. For the prediction of genotoxicity, diverse in-silico software have been employed.
Thus, an exhaustive summary has been presented here to summarise the content.
