ABSTRACT
A hydraulic machine, or pump, is a device that raises, compresses, or transfers fluids. The pump is a type of hydraulic machine. Pumps convert mechanical energy into fluid energy. This chapter describes basic calculations used frequently in water hydraulic and pumping applications. The speed or velocity of a fluid flowing through a channel or pipeline is related to the cross-sectional area of the pipeline and the quantity of water moving through the line. The capacity of flow rate of a centrifugal pump is governed by the impeller thickness. Parallel operation is obtained by having two pumps discharging into a common header. This type of connection is advantageous when the system demand varies greatly. The centrifugal pump is the most widely used type of pumping equipment in water/wastewater operations. This type of pump is capable of moving high volumes of water/wastewater in a relatively efficient manner.
