ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the authors define what constitutes a stem cell, while making clear where there can be misunderstanding or confusion that leads to some non-stem cells being misrepresented. They distinguishes the basic stem cell types and how they are characterized, focusing on the sorts of experimental approaches employed, many of which have been specifically developed for the purpose of investigating these cells. Understanding the mechanisms of self-renewal and the process by which a cell can become committed is at the heart of stem cell science and occupies the efforts of a very large proportion of the stem cell research community. The understanding of stem cell biology promises a whole range of new approaches to the understanding and treatment of disease, both in humans and other animals. Stem cell science is also set to deliver a variety of economically important benefits, including improvements in crops and livestock.
