ABSTRACT
Bluetooth is the oldest and the most pervasive technology to connect a wide range of devices and 'things' around us. Since its inauguration in 2002, it has gone through several upgrades and is continuing to play a dominant role in providing short-range connectivity for smart objects. This chapter begins with the history, markets, and applications of Bluetooth, followed by detailed coverage of the core technologies behind the three generations of Bluetooth. For the classical Bluetooth that forms the bedrock of all subsequent versions of the technology, the following fundamental concepts are covered: Bluetooth piconet, Bluetooth spectrum and channels, modulation and data rates, frequency hopping structure and algorithms, packet format and MAC address, Bluetooth operational states and connection establishment procedure, Bluetooth power saving, and Bluetooth protocol stack. The chapter concludes with an examination of the new developments in Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), a.k.a. Bluetooth 4, Bluetooth 5, and Bluetooth 5.3. [149 words]
