ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the problem definition that including the real-life problem as well as the gaps in the scientific literature. Water is an essential resource provided by nature which is used in our lives for drinking, cleaning, bathing and other developmental purposes. Clean and safe drinking water is vital for human health worldwide. However, as a universal solvent, freshwater can also transmit infections. The release of domestic, industrial and radioactive waste, dumping of waste directly into rivers, and leakage from water tanks are some of the most important causes of water pollution. Various factors such as dissolved oxygen, nutrients, turbidity, and water temperature contribute towards the growth of animals and plants. Additionally, the chemical oxygen demand and the biological oxygen demand specify the pollution level of a given water body. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.
