ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the development of the world view (especially the view of humans’ position in the environment) in the 20th century from seeing people in an organization as spare parts in its mechanism with strictly defined functions, to understanding that every human being has their own personality with their own life purposes, and that this fact must be taken into account in governance.
The totality of information about the features of the state of the system at any fixed point in time forms a section of systemology, which is appropriately called system statics. The original concepts of systems statics — the four static properties of the system (integrity, openness, internal heterogeneity, and structure), — are described in Section 2.1, Part I.
