ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an overview and deals with the safety measures and procedures which are required to be followed during an off-site nuclear accident. The chapter deals with adverse effects, such as the discharge of radioactivity which can be circumvented by developing off-site emergency response plans prior to the nuclear facility operation and can help in mitigating the damage caused to the adjacent territories and inhabitants. The chapter outlines the need for new monitoring strategies to improve the nuclear emergency response capabilities due to the contemporary nuclear events, which can help emergency decision-making during accidents. This study offers a detailed comparison in the implementation of emergency management plans at Three Mile Island 2 and Chernobyl with the later accident at Fukushima Daiichi. There is also a detailed description between the factors influencing the economic impact of nuclear accidents, Probabilistic Safety Assessment codes (PACE) and economic costing model for nuclear accidents (COCO-2).
