ABSTRACT
The transport industry, which is strongly reliant on petroleum-derived liquid fuels such as gasoline and diesel, ranks third worldwide when considering overall energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This level of consumption is expected to rise by 60% by 2030 mainly due to increase in population, urbanization, and access to better quality of life. World total energy consumption of more than 12000 million tons of oil equivalent would lead to 39.5 Gigatons of carbon dioxide (Gt-CO2) emissions, and annual CO2 emissions would rise to 75 Gt-CO2 if potential energy consumption rose to 24000–25000 million tons of oil. Fossil fuel energy sources such as coal, oil, and gas have unavoidable deficiencies in global and Indian contexts, which make them short of meeting the energy sustainability goals of India and the world. This chapter reviews evidence of global energy scenarios and promising alternative energy sources for future energy demands. Also, this chapter discusses the systematic use of biodiesel as engine fuel and highlights its prevalent existing global use in automotive engines.
