ABSTRACT
Most of the underlying theory of electrical and magnetic testing is contained tained in undergraduate textbooks on electricity and magnetism (e.g. Duffin 1980) and this chapter summarizes the general aspects of this theory. Any theory characteristic of a particular method is to be found in the relevant chapter. Systéme International (si) units are used throughout this book unless otherwise indicated and a list of those employed appears in Appendix A1. Quantities characterized by both magnitude and direction are called vectors and are printed here in bold type. For example, the vector F which represents force can be equated to its components along the x, y and z directions of a Cartesian system, i.e. https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> F = i F x + j F y + k F z ( 2.1 ) https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003062905/c2082fb5-6b95-4a15-81d7-c565bb76324d/content/math1.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
