ABSTRACT
In radioanalytical techniques, radiation produced by unstable atomic nuclei that is by radioactive isotopes, is made use of. Radioanalytical techniques are based on the measurement of the intensity and energy of this radiation. Measurement of the radiation is carried out on the basis of the interaction of radiation and matter. Upon the action of the radiation on the detector, a signal is produced whose number in unit time and whose magnitude are proportional to the intensity and the energy, respectively, of the radiation. The types of detectors used most frequently are ionization detectors, scintillation detectors and semiconductor detectors. The procedures of radioanalytical chemistry are based on the radioindication principle. The technique of radioindication or tracing is based on the fact that isotopes and radioisotopes of an element behave identically from a chemical point of view and that radioactivity can be detected by highly sensitive methods.
