ABSTRACT
The rapidly increasing demand of various fields of industry, agriculture, environmental protection and control, and medicine for analytical data led to the development of automatic analytical techniques. The technique enabled not only the time and cost of analysis to be reduced but also the sample throughput and reproducibility of the results to be increased. Automatic analyzers are mainly used in fields where a high number of samples with similar matrices are routinely analyzed for several components, for example, clinical and agricultural chemistry and environmental protection and control. Automatic laboratory analyzers belong to two main types: batch-type or discrete-sample analyzers and continuous flow analyzers. Continuous-flow analyzers belong to two groups: segmented-flow analyzers and flow-injection analyzers. The most important feature of flow injection technique is the controlled dispersion of the sample zone which allows highly reproducible results to be obtained.
