ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a basic overview of computed tomography (CT) scanning and its application to the imaging of the sinuses. CT is the preferred method of imaging when investigating benign inflammatory disease of the paranasal sinuses. CT is currently regarded as the imaging modality of choice for the paranasal sinuses and is used to complement diagnostic endoscopy in patient assessment. CT imaging parameters are also of importance in generating satisfactory images of the sinuses. In CT imaging, there is a linear relationship between the X-ray dose and the milliamperes (mA) used in image acquisition, i.e. the dose increases as mA increases. Intravenous contrast is also valuable in assessing inflammatory sinus disease that has been complicated by abscess formation, thrombosis, or intracranial or intraorbital spread of infection. The administration of contrast may help to distinguish between acute and chronic inflammatory disease, as mucosal enhancement is visible in cases of acute inflammation.
