ABSTRACT
Universal processes that control geodynamics, tectonics, magmatism and metamorphism are attributed to it. The existence of the asthenosphere is extremely essential for the concept of global plate tectonics, as it is considered that convective currents are generated in it. The transition zone between the Pacific Ocean and the east Asiatic continent in the region of the Kuril’ and Japan island arcs constitutes an example of the complex structure of the upper mantle. The strong correlation of the seismic asthenosphere with melting of the mantle substratum is confirmed by the results of magnetotelluric soundings. Zones of high electrical conductivity were detected with this method at depths which are normally identified with regions of selective melting of rocks. The anomalous distribution of heat flow of the Earth can probably be taken as a universal premise. Its internal heat is determined by endogenic energy processes and depends on many causes.
