ABSTRACT
The first idea that comes to mind is to define intelligence as the opposite of ignorance. A second idea would be to associate intelligence with the ability to answer difficult questions. To measure human intelligence, it is possible to use certain psychological tests. The most famous one is the IQ (or intelligence quotient) test, invented in the 1950s by William Stern. In 1950, Alan Turing proposed a different kind of test to study the ability of machines. Instead of measuring intelligence, his idea was to simply differentiate between man and machine. We call this the Turing test, and today it is still considered as a reference when it comes to AI programs. The Turing test is a challenge that still keeps many computer scientists busy today. Actually, the Turing test is criticized as a method for evaluating “the intelligence” of an AI program.
