ABSTRACT
Analysis of shells for external pressure involves elastic–plastic theory and tangent modulus. Critical length, critical pressure for collapse, and corresponding strain for cylindrical shells are covered with an explanation and derivation. Analysis of cylindrical shells is compared with ASME code equations with examples. Buckling of shells under external pressure and factors responsible for such buckling are explained. The variation of analysis for different values of diameter to length and diameter to thickness ratios is illustrated with examples for cylindrical shells. The equation for stiffener design over cylindrical shells is derived, and design philosophy is explained. The effect and analysis of other shells/heads are briefly covered with ASME code equations.
