ABSTRACT
The liquid crystal (LC) is a scientific domain of study which represents a unique state of materials, which can be characterized by both mobility and order at molecular and supra-molecular state. The potential application of liquid crystal in aerospace domain, molecular biology, micro-electronics and nano-technologies has become one of the most dynamic approach towards the new scientific and technological world. This chapter will emphasize on historical background of liquid crystal structure and their basic classification. This chapter will provide basic knowledge on various types of liquid crystals and their phases.
