ABSTRACT
Physical activity is defined as bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle resulting in an increase in energy expenditure above that required to sustain the other functions of the body. Exercise is physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive, and purposive. Individuals with these occupations may not engage in exercise, given that their daily living includes so much physical activity. In addition to the aforementioned metabolic changes in muscle, there are pulmonary and cardiovascular responses to exercise that are part of the whole-body response to physical activity. The Daily Dietary Recommended Intakes for males and females who exercise and who are in the category of the elite athlete are usually not different from those of sedentary people. One 20-week study examined the impact of exercise on the phenotypic expression of aging and then attempted to identify unique gene pathways associated with age-related muscle change.
