ABSTRACT
Instabilities in fluid dynamics can take many forms and can be driven by a wide range of physical phenomena such as gravity, magnetic forces or temperature. Convection occurs in a fluid when the positions of fluid parcels are not stable under minor perturbation. However, if the top fluid is heavier, the roots will be complex and include a perturbation that does increase over time and leads to an exponential growth of the instability. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is an example of an instability that occurs when the criterion for convective stability is not satisfied. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability achieved the disruption under the influence of an external gravity field, but there exists another well-known fluid instability that involves self-gravitating systems. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability can sometimes be seen along the edges of clouds, and occurs in diverse astrophysical settings including planetary atmospheres (e.g. Jupiter's red spot) and along the edges of jets.
