ABSTRACT
Particle accelerators are the most common instruments used in the nuclear science and have replaced the natural α and β sources to induce the nuclear reactions by virtue of higher energy and intensity. A particle detector measures or more properties of the particles like type of particle, position, direction, momentum, energy, mass, velocity, transition radiation, spin and lifetime. Ionization chamber measures direct ionization current produced by the incident charged particle in a gas enclosed in a vessel at low pressure in the presence of an electric field. The Geiger Muller counter is of the older detectors used to examine the charged particles. The scintillation phenomenon is a flash of light emitted by the excited molecules or atoms due to traversing charged particle or the high energy photons. Semiconductor detectors are high resolution detectors for energy measurements of γ-rays and charged particles.
