ABSTRACT
Domesticated small ruminants in North America include sheep, goats, and camelids (llamas and alpacas). Sheep and goats became the first domesticated livestock about 10,000 years ago by nomads in the Middle East. Domestic goats originated in Iran. Llamas and alpacas were domesticated 4,500 years ago in Peru to be used for meat, wool, and transportation. They are now also used as property guardians.
This chapter describes the natural behavior of small ruminants depending on species. Handler and small ruminant safety during handling is explained. Zoonoses from healthy-appearing small ruminants and means of preventing transmission are presented. Approaching and catching methods, handling for routine care and management, handling for common medical procedures, special equipment for handling, and methods of transporting small ruminants are included.
