ABSTRACT
The chapter presents the main theoretical provisions of the technologies of cellular automata (CA) with active cells. The main paradigms and models of such CA are described. The chapter is aimed at modeling the behavior of a colony of biological organisms in the surrounding space for a possible description of the behavior of humans and animals in a smart city environment. On the basis of aperiodic CA with active cells, models of the movement of cells and groups of cells in the cellular environment are constructed. The main theoretical principles of the formation of cell colonies, their decay and interaction are described. The chapter describes the processes of functioning of active cells. Each active cell performs a local function of states and a local function of transitions. The local function of states determines the main informational state of the active cell, and the local transitions function determines the cell of the neighborhood, to which the active signal is transmitted at the next time step. Variants of interaction of active cells are described, in which new active cells are formed and old active cells “die”. During the functioning of the colonies, they move in the directions chosen according to the target life position. The choice of the direction of movement of the colony is carried out using different options, and the most effective is the choice of the direction of movement based on the control of the main cell of the colony. Colonies meet and interact while moving. During interaction, colonies can unite into large colonies, or they can destroy each other. Colony interaction processes model the dynamics of behavior and interaction of colonies of living organisms (for example, ants). This chapter allows to model and predict the behavior of people and animals in nature, as well as in a smart urban environment.
