ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the basic ingredients of a fiber-reinforced composite, namely, the fiber and the matrix and, to some extent, the interface. Though this chapter relies largely on a materials science and chemistry perspective, it is nevertheless important for researchers to be aware of this terminology and these basic ideas, particularly if the mechanician is to work in an interdisciplinary environment. Various types of fibers such as plant/vegetable fibers, animal fibers, and advanced fibers have been discussed in detail. Also, different types of matrices, viz., metallic, polymeric, and ceramic, have been explained with examples and their applications. The effect of fiber surface treatment on the mechanical properties of various fibers has been explained in detail. At last, the mechanism of load transfer between the matrix and the fiber has been discussed. Two cases have been considered: (1) tension and (2) compression.
