ABSTRACT
The influence of calcination time on the phase transformation and crystallization kinetics of anodized titania nanotube arrays was studied using in situ isothermal and non-isothermal synchrotron radiation diffraction (SRD) from room temperature to 900°C. Isothermal heating of the anodized titania nanotubes by an increase in the calcination time at 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, and 650°C resulted in a slight reduction in anatase abundance, but an increase in the abundance of rutile because of an anatase-to-rutile transformation. This chapter investigates the effect of calcination time on phase transformations, crystallization kinetics, and activation energies of anodized titania nanotube arrays using isothermal in situ SRD from room temperature to 900°C. The activation energies from the analysis of the isothermal SRD data using the Avrami and Arrhenius equations provided estimates of 22 (10) kJ/mol for the titanium-to-anatase transformation and 207 (17) kJ/mol for the anatase-to-rutile transformation.
