ABSTRACT
Epinephrine injections are used in the emergency treatment of allergic reactions (Type I) including anaphylaxis to insects, allergen immunotherapy, foods, drugs, diagnostic testing substances. Epinephrine can also be utilized to prolong the action of local anesthetics, for the maintenance of mydriasis during intraocular surgery and as a hemostatic agent. In addition, epinephrine is used as an over-thecounter agent for the intermittent symptoms of asthma, such as wheezing, tightness of the chest and shortness of breath. In most pharmaceuticals, epinephrine base is used, sometimes epinephrine hydrochloride or epinephrine bitartrate are employed. Possible cross-reaction to primary dipivefrin contact allergy. A patient with an allergic reaction to ephedrine cross-reacted to epinephrine (adrenaline) 1% and 5%, both in pet. and in water.
