ABSTRACT
Pimecrolimus is a derivative of the macrolactam ascomycin with immunosuppressant and immunomodulating properties. Its mechanism of action involves calcineurin inhibition, blockage of T-cell activation, blocking signal transduction pathways in T-cells, reducing the ability of mast cells to release chemicals that promote inflammation, and inhibition of the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines, specifically Th1- and Th2-type cytokines. This chapter provides monographs of pimecrolimus which have caused contact allergy/allergic contact dermatitis. The monographs present: identification section; contact allergy (general population, patients with dermatitis, case reports and case series); cross-reactions; patch test sensitization; photocontact allergy; and immediate contact reactions (contact urticaria). The identification section presents IUPAC names, synonyms, CAS and EC numbers, structural and chemical formulas, Merck Index monographs, and advises on patch testing. The chapter also covers an extensive amount of information to benefit dermatologists, allergists, and all others interested in drug allergy.
