ABSTRACT
This chapter caters to both groups of people: professional architects and project managers, as well as students and researchers who undertake demonstration projects. Electrical currents are created by the movement of charged particles; these charged particles are electrons in commonly used electrical circuits. Reversing the positive and negative terminals could result in incorrect functioning of the device and damage to it. Electrical actuators are typically used for operating electrical equipment. Manually operated switches have limited applications in automation. In principle, wireless communication is not much different from communication using wires. Wireless communication makes use of electromagnetic waves for transmitting information. The chapter describes the hardware needed for implementing automation. Serial and wireless communications are common for integrating sensors, actuators, and controllers into an integrated network.
