ABSTRACT

Taxonomy mainly comprises of four components: Description, Identification, Nomenclature and Classification. Classification is the production of a logical system of categories, each containing any number of organisms, which allows easier reference to its components. Taxonomy is extremely modern, constantly changing and adapting, yet it has strong historical roots that always keep it connected to its past. In addition to inventorying during the past half-century, new types of comparative data of utility for plant systematics have been developed. A key change in the field of taxonomy occurred with the development of cladistic theory and reconstruction of phylogenies, using cladograms, which greatly help to infer the evolutionary history of taxa. Biosystematics is considered as the taxonomic application of the disciplines known as genecology. Integrative taxonomy has yielded a better and more robust biodiversity inventory. DNA taxonomy uses the evolutionary species concept and provides a new scaffold for the accumulation of taxonomic knowledge.