ABSTRACT
Phylogenetic classification is based on evolutionary history. Phylogenetic classifications are biological classifications that meet the minimum criteria of being a system of names that imply relationships which are logically consistent with the phylogenetic tree. If the evolutionary history, or phylogeny, of an organism is traced back, it connects through shared ancestors to lineages of other organisms. The main objective of phylogenetics is to correctly reconstruct the evolutionary history based on the observed sequence divergence between organisms. Phylogenetic Systematics refers to the relationships between groups of individuals occurring at a given point of time. The determination of homology is one of the most important aspects of a phylogenetic study. Homoplasy makes it challenging to determine the homology and thus it becomes difficult to determine the evolutionary history. The evolutionary directionality of a character, i.e., the primitive or derived state is important in constructing the branching pattern.
