ABSTRACT
Solid Phase Extractions are introduced to eliminate some shortcomings of the liquid-liquid extraction, notably the fact, that they are often tedious and solvent-consuming. Solid phase extractions have taken on great importance in the preparation of samples. They simultaneously achieve the purification of the samples and the pre-concentration of the analytes, which is very interesting to the evaluation of trace levels. The technologies employed for solid-phase extractions include exhaustive extractions of the analyte as Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) or several types of non-exhaustive extractions with only a fraction of the analyte in the sample extracted in the sorbent and for which the ultimate goal is to reach equilibrium between the phases that is Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME), Solid-Phase Dynamic Extraction (SPDE) and Stir Bar Extraction (SBSE). This chapter describes the fundamentals, the implementation and the optimization of these techniques. Some applications are described all along it.
