ABSTRACT
Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning centrifugal pumps are electrical power-driven machines used to overcome system resistance and produce required water flow. Pump laws provide the mathematical relationship between pump speed and water volume, and water pressure and mechanical power. System curves provide to analyze pump operation and to identify problem areas associated with losses in the system resulting from friction in the pipe, pressure drops through equipment, pressure losses in valves and fittings, and, in open systems, the difference in static head. A pump performance curve is a graphic representation of the performance of a pump. Each piping system has its own system curve, and each pump has its own pump curve. The intersection of these two curves is the operating point for the pump. If the increase or decrease in water flow is made by changing the pipe system, by reducing or adding system resistance, a new system curve is established while the pump performance curve stays unchanged.
