ABSTRACT
Substations are very important parts of the electrical power systems. The link between the high-voltage transmission lines and the low-voltage power distribution systems is the substation. The function of a distribution substation, such as the one, is to receive electrical power from a high-voltage system and convert it to voltage levels suitable for industrial, commercial, or residential use. Since power lines are frequently short circuited, various protective equipment is used to prevent damage to both the power lines and the equipment. Circuit breakers that control high voltages are also located at electrical substations. High-voltage disconnect switches are used to disconnect electrical equipment from the power lines that supply the equipment. The purpose of using lightning arresters on power lines is to cause the conduction to ground of excessively high voltages that are caused by lightning strikes or other system problems. Without lightning arresters, power lines and associated equipment could become inoperable when struck by lightning.
