ABSTRACT
The basics of voltammetry and the major biomedical applications are discussed in the chapter. The main difference with conductometry and the other techniques is that conductometry deals with processes in the bulk of the solution whereas potentiometry and voltammetry deal mainly with processes at the surface or the near vicinity of the electrode. The aim of the chapter is to give a short introduction to electrochemical principles so that the reader can follow the discussion about planar electrochemical sensors. Potentiometry can be defined as a direct analytical application of the Nernst equation through measurement of the potential of non-polarised electrodes under conditions of zero current. The Nernst equation is derived and applications of potentiometry are presented. The most important part of the chapter deals with voltammetry. It is completed by a discussion on ISFETs.
