ABSTRACT
Candidiasis (moniliasis) is well known as a cause of superficial inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes. In immunocompromised patients, candidiasis may become a severe systemic infection. Candida albicans is the most common species found in human infections. The inflammatory cell reaction is predominantly neutrophilic, although mononuclear cells such as lymphocytes, plasma cells, and monocytes may be noted. Microabscess formation is common. Genitourinary involvement in systemic blastomycosis occurs approximately in 15 to 30% of cases. Organ involvement was described in detail in a review of microscopic sections from cases of blastomycosis accumulated at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. from 1951 to 1972. Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal infection of worldwide distribution caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. The most feared complication of disseminated cryptococcosis is meningitis and encephalitis. Symptoms include frequency, urgency, dysuria, suprapubic discomfort, hematuria, and bladder outlet obstruction.
