ABSTRACT
Estimates and predictions on the cost of construction, as the foundation of cost and cost management, are critical for the survival and growth of construction companies in the sector. This study aims to offer a new technique that incorporates the theory of Fuzzy Logic, the rough sets (RS), and the artificial neural network (ANN). With this model incorporating WWW and existing construction data, the Particle Swarm Optimization methodology is utilized to develop the multi-layer feed-forward neural networks to predict conceptual costs more accurately at the early stage of the project. In this article, a thorough assessment solution is offered in Microsoft EXCEL Approximation and Gaussian distribution technique with Excel–Macro function, enabling users to be fully free of the manual process by means of the main principal components analysis using VBA. The overall evaluation is improved by the main way of analyzing the components. In the meantime, the credit risk of listed enterprises is becoming a problem of financial system stability, since the dishonesty breaches of listed enterprises occur sometimes. By comprehending loan and credit risk principles, a consolidated debt investigation was conducted based on the consideration of the accessibility of data utilizing publicly traded companies in the province of Anhui as an example. Faculty experts give significant attention to the feasibility study, social awareness, and reformation model of the development of industrial parks. At the same time, the current study on industrial transforms and environmental reforms in industrial parks based on Complex Networking technologies will give effective assistance that might speed up the structural transformation. In general application development, it is tough for the domain engineers and designers of software responsible for monitoring. We thus provide instructional design for equipment controlling domain extension technologies. To construct a meta-model for equipment control, a model integrated computing methodology is provided. The meta-model is the graphics domain software platform. First, the parameter and non-parametric estimation techniques are generated with a function of the kernel and the least square approach in the semi-parametric model captures. Second, in semi-parametric frameworks, we analyze the methodology for the selection of wavelength. In this section, the focus is on managing costs through cooperation on infrastructure development.
